What is periodontal gum disease?

Periodontal gum disease is an?ongoing infection of the gums that gradually destroy the support of your natural teeth. It is typically caused by the build-up of plaque and tartar when teeth are not routinely brushed and flossed. There are two major categories: gingivitis and periodontitis.

Gingivitis: Dental plaque is the primary cause of gingivitis. Plaque is a sticky film, composed primarily of bacteria which adhere to your teeth at and below the gum line. Bacteria found in plaque produce toxins or poisons that irritate the gums. Gums may become inflamed, red, swollen, and bleed easily. If properly treated, it may be reversed.

Left untreated, gingivitis?turns into periodontitis.

Periodontitis: If this irritation is prolonged, the gums separate from the teeth causing pockets (spaces) to form. Plaque can also harden into a rough, porous substance known as calculus (or tartar). If gingivitis progresses into periodontitis, the supporting gum tissue and bone that holds teeth in place deteriorates. The progressive loss of this bone can lead to loosening and subsequent loss of teeth.

Periodontal disease is dangerous in that it is often painless and symptomless. Nearly 50% of American adults have some form of periodontal disease. The best way to avoid or manage gum disease is by maintaining proper home oral care and regular dentist visits.

Signs & symptoms of gum disease

Gum disease can be painless, so it is important to be aware of any of the following symptoms:

• Swollen, red, tender or bleeding gums
  
• Gums that recede or move away from the tooth
  
• Persistent bad breath or bad taste in mouth
  
• Loose teeth
  
• Visible pus surrounding the teeth and gums

How do we treat gum disease?

How Dr. Nerio will treat your gum disease is dependent upon the stage of your infection and the amount of deterioration involving your gums, teeth, supporting tissues and bone.

After reviewing your X-rays and performing a thorough periodontal exam, Dr. Nerio will discuss your treatment options, answer questions, and explain what happens:

• During and after the procedure(s)
• The number of office visits required for treatment
• What to do post-treatment as your gums heal
• How to keep gum disease under control after treatment is complete